Hamartom is a local malformation, which is mostly benign, consisting of abnormal cell and tissue mixture. Being benign means that hamartomas are not cancerous. Most hamartoma shows asymptomatic assets before they create symptoms. If the hamartomas usually seen in the lungs grow enough to cause symptoms, they may need to be taken by surgery.
What is Hamartom?
Hamartom (hamartoma) is a non -cancerous tumor consisting of an abnormal mixture of normal tissues and cells in the region where it grows. Although hamartomas are usually seen in the lungs, they may also occur in different parts of the body.
Being benign means that the hamartom does not have cancer properties. These hamartomas are often seen in the lungs, but the formation of hamartoma in heart, skin, brain, breast, colon or other regions can be found. Hamartomas in these regions are caused by the irregular occurrence of the cells in the region.
Generally, hamartomas, which show asymptomatic formation, occur in routine health checks and tests. Hamartom, who shows symptoms, may have grown enough to be taken by surgery, and in such cases, surgical intervention may be required.
Why does hamartom?
There is no scientific certainty about why hamartom or hamartoma occurs. In general, however, it is considered that cases of hamartoma have an hereditary source and are a genetic heritage.
In addition, Pallister-Hall syndrome, tubulose sclerosis, neurofibromatosis type 1 and Peutz-LEGHERS syndrome are among the factors that can lead to hamartoma growth. However, these cases are rare genetic factors.
Hamartom Symptoms
Hamartoma cases are usually asymptomatic. (Does not show symptoms. The most common symptom is the pressure felt when the affected area is touched.
If different symptoms occur depending on the region where the hamartoma is seen and growth, surgical intervention may be required according to the size of the hamartoma. This intervention is very important in serious hamartoma cases.
In which regions is Hamartom seen?
Although benign tumors, hamartomas usually occur in the lungs, but may also occur in different parts of the body. These regions are as follows:
- Lung
- Skin
- Heart
- Brain
- Breast
- Spleen
Lungs: Lungs are the most common area of ​​hamartomas. Approximately 10 %of all benign lung nodules (growth) are hamartoma.
Skin: Hamartomas on the skin are mostly seen in the head and neck region, especially on the face, lips and ears.
Heart: The cardiac rabbemiyom seen in the heart is the most common type of hamartoma diagnosed in infancy during pregnancy (fetus in the uterus) or infancy. Although they are in general, they are the most common pediatric heart tumor.
Brain: Hypotalanmic hamartomas in the brain are seen in the hypothalamus, which is a part of the brain that keeps the basic body processes in a fixed and balanced part. This type of hamartoma is present at birth and is usually diagnosed in childhood and puberty. Hypotalanmic hamartomas can lead to symptoms such as seizures, vision problems and early puberty.
Breast: Approximately 5 %of benign breast masses are hamartomas. These are more common especially in women over 35 years of age.
Spleen: Hamartomas may rarely occur in the spleen, and men are more common in women. Hamartomas in the spleen can cause abdominal pain and sensitivity.
Are Hamartomas spread?
Hamartomas do not spread in the body. Unlike malignant tumors that can spread all over the body and damage important body structures and tissues, hamartomas remain where they form. If they grow too much and affect a nearby organ or healthy tissue, damage may occur, but this is rare.
How is Hamartom diagnosed?
Since hamartomas are usually made up of symptoms, it may occur by chance as a result of a completely different health screening. However, the diagnosis of hamartoma may be difficult due to its position in the body because hamartomas may be similar to cancerous masses.
In the diagnosis of Hamartom, physical examination is performed first, but imaging tests are needed to determine whether the tumor has a hamartoma. At the beginning of these imaging tests, x -ray, ultrasound, IT scanning, MRI, mamogram and biopsy.
Imaging tests used in the diagnosis of hamartom are as follows:
X -ray
During x -ray, low -dose radiation is used to attract images of bones and soft tissues. In particular, lung hamartomas can sometimes have a “popcorn” appearance during the x -ray that distinguishes them from cancerous masses.
Ultrasound
Another imaging method used for the diagnosis of hamartoma is ultrasound to create sound waves to create images of soft tissues inside the body.
Computerized tomography (CT) scanning
Computed tomography, known as CT scanning, attracts more than one x -ray of the soft tissues and bones in the body. CT scans are particularly useful in the diagnosis of lung hamartomas.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MR)
A large magnet and radio waves are used to create detailed images of the soft tissues in the body. In this context, MR can also diagnose hamartomas.
Mamogram
It uses a low dose radiation to show the tissue in the chest with a mamogram test. Most breast hamartoma occurs during mamograms for cancer screening.
Biopsy
The cells are examined by the pathologist under the microscope by the pathologist. Biopsies are a method that helps to determine whether a growth is composed of benign cells or cancer cells such as hamartoma.
HAMAROM TREATMENT
Frequently Asked Questions About Hamartom
What does hamartom mean?
Hamartom is a non -neoplaztic (benign) congenital (genetic) audience of irregular but mature cells.
Is Hamartom Cancer?
Hamartom is considered a benign tumor and is not cancerous cells.
Are Hamartomas dangerous?
Hamartomas, which can occur in different parts of the body, are usually benign, but in some cases, cowden syndrome, where breast, thyroid and endometrial cancer risk increases, may rarely occur. The prognosis of the hamartoma usually depends on the location and size of the mass and the accompanying diseases. Large -sized masses in kidneys, hypothalamus or spleen may cause different diseases over time.
