Hyperactivity, attention deficit, learning and speech disorders, autism… These paintings, which are associated with the problems that arise in brain development and nervous system functions, are very common. Genetic predisposition, epigenetic and many environmental factors increase the risk of occurrence of neurodelaid disorders usually begin in childhood and are more frequently observed in male individuals. These disorders can become evident in childhood and cause difficulties in cognitive, social, emotional or motor skills. While one in 10 children has neurodeficial disorder, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder are manifested in 5-7 % of children and occurs in autism in 1 out of 36 children. Memorial Diyarbakır Hospital Children and Adolescent Mental Health Department Uz. Dr. İbrahim Zeyrek shared the answers to the most curious questions about neuroticizing disorders.
Difficulties in communicating with peers can be observed
Symptoms and causes of neurotic disorders are one of the most curious issues of parents. Should we consult a specialist as a result of the observation of mother and father candidates before getting professional help from an expert? It is important to what questions to answer the answer to the question. Although symptoms vary depending on the type of disorder, difficulty in communication and social interaction, delay in speech, distraction, hyperactivity and impulsivity, difficulty in academic skills, lack of coordination in motor skills, recurrence in behaviors or limited interest areas and developmental milestones.
Different neurodeficial disorders can be detected
Among the most common neurodeficial disorders are autism spectrum disorder (OIZ), attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning difficulties (dyslexia, discalculi, dysgraph), mental insufficiency, language and speech disorders and tic disorders. A significant portion of these disorders usually continues for life. However, the severity of symptoms may change over time. The level of independence and functionality of individuals can be increased with early intervention and continuous support. Genetic factors have an important role in many neuroderailic disorders. However, environmental factors, prenatal (prenatal) and perinatal situations that affect brain development may also be effective. Especially in attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, the role of genetics is very large. The role of genetic factors in ADHD is around 70-80 %. More than 800 genes were responsible for autism. However, most cases are sporadicly formed later. In mental insufficiency, 30-35 %of genetic cases can be detected. The most common genetic causes are Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome. In the clinical sample in specific learning disorder, high levels of genetic causes were identified.
Early diagnosis makes it possible to maintain individual independence and functionality
Early diagnosis and intervention in neurodeficial disorders are critical for a healthy development process. Individualized education and therapy plans that support the development of the child positively affect long -term results. The first 5 years is critical for brain development. With appropriate treatments and interventions, the functionality and quality of life of the individual can be significantly increased. Especially in autism, early and intensive special education is very important. Special education, speech therapy, behavioral therapy, drug therapy (especially for ADHD, in autism, and for some tic disorders) and family education support programs increase the chances of the child to gain some skills alone and adapt to life with early intervention.
